Conformal 4×5 Array for Central Blood Pressure Monitoring

This conformal ultrasonic device enables non-invasive, continuous monitoring of central blood pressure waveforms from deeply embedded vessels. The 4×5 array of 1–3 piezoelectric composites uses stretchable island-bridge interconnects encapsulated in 240 µm silicone. It conforms to the neck without gel or applied pressure, operating at 7.5 MHz with 0.81 k₃₃ and 0.77 µm axial resolution. Carotid artery and jugular venous waveforms are demonstrated, along with pressure amplification from central to peripheral arteries and pulse wave velocity calculation.

Parameter

Value

Array Configuration

4 × 5 (20 elements)

Center Frequency

7.5 MHz

Bandwidth (‑6 dB)

32%

Piezoelectric Material

1–3 PZT/epoxy composite

Element Footprint

0.9 × 0.9 mm

Electromechanical Coupling (k₃₃)

0.81

Device Thickness

240 μm

Stretchability (x‑direction)

60% (max), 30% (reversible)

Axial Resolution

0.77 μm

Penetration Depth

>4 cm

Encapsulation

Ecoflex silicone

Measurement Sites

Carotid, jugular, brachial, radial, pedal

Demonstrated Waveforms

Arterial (systolic peak, dicrotic notch); Venous (A, C, V peaks)

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