Flexible Ultrasound-Induced 32-Channel Retinal Stimulating Piezo-Array
The F-URSP-32 is a breakthrough flexible, ultrasound-driven retinal stimulation array designed to restore vision wirelessly in individuals with retinal degenerative diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration. This implantable device converts programmed ultrasound patterns into precise electrical stimuli across 32 independent channels, enabling the generation of controllable phosphenes (light perceptions) without wired connections or electromagnetic telemetry. With its conformal design, biocompatible encapsulation, and high acoustic-electrical conversion efficiency, the F-URSP-32 represents a new generation of safe, programmable, and minimally invasive visual prostheses.
Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
Device Name | Flexible Ultrasound‑Induced Retinal Stimulating Piezo‑Array (F‑USRP) |
Number of Channels | 32 independent stimulating electrodes |
Operating Frequency | 3.3–5.43 MHz (resonant) |
Piezoelectric Material | PMN‑PT 1‑3 composite (single crystal pillars) |
Array Configuration | 2D grid on flexible polyimide PCB |
Element Size | 1 mm × 1 mm |
Spacing Between Elements | 500 μm |
Acoustic‑Electric Efficiency | ~11.3% (mean) |
Output Voltage (Rectified) | 0–4.3 V |
Max Power Density | Up to 22.6 mW/cm² |
Stimulation Charge Range | 1–50 nC (retinal activation threshold) |
Lateral Resolution (US Beam) | ~390 μm |
Flexible Substrate Thickness | 150 μm |
Protective Coating | Parylene‑C (10 μm) |
Biocompatibility | >96.6% cell viability (PC‑3 cell line) |
Thermal Safety | <0.5°C temperature rise in ocular tissue |
Pattern Refresh Rate | >1 kHz (programmable) |
FDA Power Limit Compatibility | 720 mW/cm² (ultrasound) |
External Transmitter Compatibility | Single‑element or 2D programmable US arrays |
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